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dataAB[1] = new data("images/collaboration/ab01_l.jpg","<font><strong>Bernice Akamine</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;November 1999<br><br>&quot;Hi, my name is Bernice Akamine. I am a contemporary Hawaiian artist from the island of Oahu in the state of Hawai'i. I do community based art installations with the houseless Hawaiians. The reason I say houseless and not homeless is because there is an anonymous saying that goes, 'We are not homeless, we are houseless. Hawai'i is our home.' Therefore, they call themselves houseless&quot;<br><br>I am here doing research on traditional kapa and kapa implements through the Native Artists Fellowship Program at the National Museum of the American Indian. I am researching the technology and techniques that were used, but applying them in a modern way and using them in my installations and work with the houseless..&quot;</font>")
dataAB[2] = new data("images/collaboration/ab02_l.jpg","<font>&quot;While I was away at school in the Bay area I was exposed to a lot of homelessness. I was so touched by this one homeless gentleman. He offered to give me all his money when he learned I was broke due to a problem at my bank. It made me think that I should go back home and look at homeless issues.<br><br>I realized I knew nothing about homelessness, so I contacted a pastor who introduced me to some of the houseless communities. Once I started investigating, I realized that 80 to 90% of the beach communities were Hawaiian people. Some are houseless because of economic reasons and poor education. Others are houseless for political reasons. They want to make the statement that Hawai'i is indeed their home and it is important for them to do that. Working with the houseless made me think about my own cultural background.<br><br>Of course, I am always going to be Hawaiian, but what kind of Hawaiian am I? Am I going to be one who knew about my history and genealogy, or was I going to be one who would say, 'Yeah, I'm Hawaiian,' just because I was born in Hawai'i? How can you be Hawaiian in your heart if you don't know what your roots are?&quot;</font>")
dataAB[3] = new data("images/collaboration/ab03_l.jpg","<font>&quot;The title of this piece is Basket. In my spare time I make baskets out of recycled materials. I may be walking down the street and see something I really like and pick it up and think: 'this will make a nice basket.'<br><br>This basket is made of palm inflorescence (the area that holds the leaves on the stem) and scraps of window screen. The screen is interwoven around the palm inflorescence.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[4] = new data("images/collaboration/ab04_l.jpg","<font>&quot;I made this basket for my daughter, Kai' u lani. This basket is made out of some of her leis, her maile lei and ti lei.<br><br>Maile (a native Hawaiian vine) is very special to Hawaiians because it is considered to be the umbilical cord to the earth. The Ti plant is very important because it has so many uses.<br><br>The maile lei usually drapes over the person and hangs down. If one is to perform or chant it would be wrapped up or tied at the ends. Otherwise, all of one's knowledge would escape through the open ends. A maile lei is used because of it's important connection to the earth. We don't throw away our leis, one might hang it on a fence and allow it to disintegrate and go back into the earth.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[5] = new data("images/collaboration/ab05_l.jpg","<font>&quot;I started as a glass artist. I began glasswork at the University of Hawai'i. The title of this piece is Kamapua'a. It's glass hot worked bits with monofilament added strand by strand.<br><br>Kamapua'a is a demigod. In Hawaiian mythology he is part human and part pig and he can change shape from human to pig or to the triggerfish.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[6] = new data("images/collaboration/ab06_l.jpg","<font>&quot;This is an untitled pod (I created these pod-like forms). This is bit work, which is hot bits of glass built up to create a form. This one is sprinkled with glass powder to color it. It is covered with gut (pig intestine) and sliced in areas so when it hardened it would stretch over the piece and create these openings to look into.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[7] = new data("images/collaboration/ab07_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau I<br>front view - Kaumakapili Church grounds<br>10'x7' 1/2'x8<br>gray tarp, paint, heat transfer images. 1997<br><br>&quot;I began this project in 1997. I intendedto go across the state and do installations that would address the houseless issues on the individual islands. I was hoping to do the five major islands, Oahu, Maui, Kaua'i, Molokai, and the Big Island, Hawai'i. I've done Oahu and the Big Island. I'm doing at least one structure for each island. Each time I do another island I bring the other structures to that site as well. By the time I'm done I'll end up back in Oahu with at least five structures. I'll have my own houseless community which will tie all of the houseless communities together. This is one way to bring the houseless communities together as one and also to show it is not an isolated problem.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[8] = new data("images/collaboration/am08_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau I<br>3/4 view of back section - Kaumakapili Church grounds<br>10'x7' 1/2'x8'<br>gray tarp, paint, heat transfer images. 1997.<br><br>&quot;Both sides contain photographs of the houseless beach residents in every day situations such as: watering their plants or having dinner. Interior section contains statements.<br><br>When I started doing the installations, I decided that I wanted to show the houseless as human beings and to show them in positive ways.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[9] = new data("images/collaboration/ab09_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau II<br>recycled lumber, hardware, paint and woven coconut fronds<br>7 1/2' x 6'x8'. 1998.<br><br>&quot;This structure represents four houseless communities on the Big Island, Hawai'i. Ku'u One Hanau I was brought over to join this piece in order to unite the houseless communities symbolically.<br><br>There are a lot of problems when you're living on the beach. On Oahu the houseless have to move continuously. If they don't they can be either fined or arrested and all of their possessions confiscated. On the Big Island they can have more permanent communities because there are isolated areas that don't attract much attention from the public.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[10] = new data("images/collaboration/ab10_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau II<br>recycled lumber, hardware, paint and woven coconut fronds<br>7 1/2' x 6'x8'. 1998.<br>Side view showing wooden louvers that were operated from the exterior. Upon opening the windows the name of the sites the houseless Hawaiians had occupied on the Big Island, were currently occupying, or fighting for in courts were listed.<br><br>&quot;The other objective was to bring the communities together, the larger communities outside of the houseless communities and the houseless. I've been organizing community gatherings where I'll post flyers and invite the larger community in for luncheon with the houseless. The hope is to open up communication between the two groups. I think it's been successful to a point. It would be wonderful if I could get more people from the larger community to come in.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[11] = new data("images/collaboration/ab11_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau II<br>recycled lumber, hardware, paint, and woven coconut fronds<br>7 1/2' x 6'x8'. 1998.<br>The interior walls of the structure are lined with coconut fronds.<br><br>&quot;I did a piece over on the Big Island and I wanted to wall the interior of the structure with coconut fronds that were woven, but I didn't know how to weave. A couple of houseless people knew how to weave and they agreed to teach me.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[12] = new data("images/collaboration/ab12_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau II<br>recycled lumber, hardware, paint, and woven coconut fronds<br>7 1/2' x 6'x8'. 1998.<br>Coconut frond weaving with the houseless community at Pu'umaile.<br><br>&quot;The woven fronds were used to line the interior walls of the installation. It was amazing. I had volunteers from the larger communities and volunteers from the houseless communities come and sit down and work together. It was such a great experience.<br><br>When we finished the installation it became a part of the community. That is, in part, what it is supposed to do. The houseless feel that, in a way, this is theirs and their stories being told. In fact, to some extent they helped to create the pieces.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[13] = new data("images/collaboration/ab13_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau Hawaiian flag, lauhala mat, kapa, natural dyes, 'alaea, shells, and stones.<br>3/4 view, front and left sides.<br>Tent addressing the Kea'au beach community. Each tent was made of the Hawaiian flag, for a total of four tents.<br><br>&quot;In the last structures I printed the kapa with stories from the houseless community. I took excerpts from statements I had compiled for over nine months and put their words on a kapa.<br><br>Kapa is bark cloth that is made by pounding the inner bark many many times. Hawaiian kapa is easily distinguished from others by their delicate watermark patterns. During the final pounding when the kapa was wet they applied the watermark by using a patterned beater.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[14] = new data("images/collaboration/ab14_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau Hawaiian flag, lauhala mat, kapa, natural dyes, 'alaea, shells, and stones.<br>3/4 view of back section looking in.<br>Waimanalo tent installed at the Waimanalo beach community.<br><br>&quot;The design is carved into the beater which is a wooden mallet. The designs are carved on strips of bamboo and repeated over and over again. To carve the design on the bamboo strips takes a lot of time and patience to get really straight borders and diagonals.<br><br>One houseless woman asked me if I would use a shell she found to print some of the border. It was perfect. Another woman tells a story about how the police came armed with guns to kick them off the beach. So I went to the police rifle range to pick up bullet shells and used them to stamp the kapa. In another community some of the children helped in printing the border areas.<br><br>When we finished the installation we had a celebration. You could see that the houseless felt like it was really theirs. They were taking their friends and outside family members into the structure and saying, 'Look, these are my words.' It gives them a sense that they are important and not just trash on the side of the road.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[15] = new data("images/collaboration/ab15_l.jpg","<font>Ku'u One Hanau Hawaiian flag, lauhala mat, kapa, natural dyes, 'alaea, shells, and stones (detail of the interior with lauhala mat, kapa, and stones).<br><br>&quot;Each kapa mat was dyed with natural plant material found at the specific site. The text contained excerpts from statements made by the beach residents. The stones and shells represent the houseless individuals or families that participated in the research.<br><br>Everything in the installation has to do with the houseless and what they are dealing with on a daily basis. <br><br>I couldn't do this without the help of the houseless. It always amazes me when I go into a community, because they have no idea who I am, but over a period of time they will open their hearts to me and share their life's story without expecting me to give anything back.&quot;</font>")
dataAB[16] = new data("images/collaboration/ab16_l.jpg","<font>&quot;While I was doing research on traditional kapa and kapa making implements I realized there wasn't a lot of documentation on the meanings behind the designs. I believe the designs meant something and actually they still do, but we don't know how to read them.<br><br>Traditionally kapa was made by the women, therefore, it was considered women's work. What I want to do when I go back is work with the Hawaiian women and create a structure out of kapa. The Hawaiian women will create their own designs on sections of kapa. The kapa will then be stitched together to create the structure.<br><br>Some museums didn't have as much as others, but I found some very exciting patterns I had never seen before. One of the kapa I saw was like a sampler. Every section had a different design. I had never seen anything like that before. Whoever created it must have taken a lot of time to create all of the stamps that went into the kapa.<br><br>At the University of Pennsylvania I looked at Pomo baskets, one basket in particular looked like a feathered Hawaiian cape. Who knows, there might have been a connection because the Hawaiians used to sail all over the Pacific.&quot;</font>")

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